Quality of life of coffee growers in the high mountains of Veracruz, Mexico

Introduction. The High Mountain Region (RHM) is the most productive and socioeconomic region for the coffee cultivation in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, and one of the most representative of the sector at the national level. Objective. To determine the quality of life (QL) from the objective and subjective point of view of the small coffee producers (SP) in RHM, Mexico. Materials and methods. One hundred and fifty semi-structured interviews were applied to producers in eleven municipalities located in: Comapa, Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlan del cafe, Sochiapa, Tenampa, Tomatlan, Totutla, Tlaltetela, Tlacotepec, and Zentla, during 2020. Descriptive statistics and trend measurements were obtained. Results. At objective level the QL was found to be low, but at the farmers' subjective level, it was determined to be acceptable. In the objective assessment, it was identified that the SP have minimal education (primary), the income is not adequate (they require activities outside the farm with an average net annual income of US $ 416 to US $ 1115), the cost of health has increased (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and proper nutrition is lacking (19 to 25 meals per month). In the subjective assessment there is insecurity and distrust with the government authorities, however, the producers have adapted to living in adverse socioeconomic contexts, since they value community life, intra-family relationships and their environment (coffee growing), which could be influenced by their own worldview. Conclusion. With or without knowledge of the concept of quality, producers have developed a learned or acquired capacity, both individually and collectively to adapt to the environment. Objectively, the quality of life is considered low, however, the interviewees had a perception of satisfaction both individually and collectively.

COVID 19 CASES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS IN FOUR DEPARTMENTS OF CATAMARCA PROVINCE. PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Respiratory viral infections are related to environmental parameters, especially Influenza viruses. There are no studies on this subject in Argentina. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between the presence of COVID19 cases and environmental parameters in 4 departments of the province of Catamarca, from March 2 to June 31, 2021, to establish the importance of the environment in the spread of viral infection. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Ambato, Capital, Paclín, and Andalgalá. A total of 17,142 positive cases were taken, in a temperature range (T) between -3.1°C and 39.6°C, and relative humidity of 75%. The data treatment was carried out with the Infostat statistical software, through a linear regression for the numerical variables. The results showed that the average ambient temperature has an indirect relationship with the number of cases in Capital where the average temperature decreased from 28.3 to 5°C, increasing from 13 to 345 cases;in Ambato, the average temperature decreased from 22.2 to 0.9°C with an increase from 0 to 16 cases, in Paclín the average temperature decreased from 22.3 to 1.5°C with an increase from 0 to 9 cases, and Andalgalá, where the ambient temperature has a direct relationship with the number of cases, where the number of cases increased from 0 to 70. Relative humidity did not vary in any of the departments studied. In conclusion, preliminary results suggest that the number of COVID19 cases is related to environmental temperature but not to average humidity. Further study of environmental parameters to virosis is relevant for our region and the rest of the country.

The Challenge of the Rural Sector of Mexico in the Face of Covid-19

Due to the importance of the rural sector for the country, it is important to generate analysis and reflection on the challenge posed by the health and economic crisis brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic. The rural sector will undoubtedly be among those most affected, given the structural problems that it already faced before the onset of the pandemic. To that end, a literature review was carried out, as well as statistical analysis based on information provided by the state and international organizations. The participation and interaction between academia, the government, the business community and the rural population is necessary for the redesign of public policies adapted to the "new normal."

Embracing life to activate the educational act. A narrative inquiry about the experiences of future teachers

This article reports on the experiences of trainee teachers who collaborate in schools-public and private- during their teaching practice training (practicum) in the COVID-19 pandemic context. The purposes that have guided this study are to explore the teaching experiences of future teachers as well as to delve into the singularities and educational meanings of these experiences. By means of a narrative enquiry methodology based on accounts of real experiences, narrative conversations, and in-depth seminars, we delve into the educational relationships between students, contents, and trainee teachers. The findings show us that, despite the impossibilities arising from a new teaching context that alters the ways of being present-with new mediations that appear and others that disappear-the meeting time calls, more than ever, for the need to count on the students and their worlds, so that the educational journey keeps alive the desire to learn and, certainly, the desire to teach.